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Question 5 (3 points)
What molecule will be produced at the end of the process shown in the illustration?
Growing
Polypeptide
Chain of Amino Acids
o Amino acid
SPeptide Bond
ERNA
protein synthesis
Translation
Anti-codon
Codon
mRNA
Ribosome

the options are : protein, DNA, ATP, carbohydrate

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Answer:

The answer is protein.

Explanation:

  • The process described in the scheme is translation which is the final step of the central dogma of molecular biology.
  • The central dogma of molecular biology traces the transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA to Protein.
  • Translation is the generation of a protein or polypeptide chain by the decoding of the mRNA sequence by tRNA into amino acid sequences corresponding to a certain protein.
  • Every tRNA carries a specific amino acid at one end and its corresponding anticodon on the other. The anticodon on the tRNA is complementary to a specific codon on the mRNA. The tRNA uses this anticodon to identify and decode the codons on mRNA.
  • The entire protein synthesis takes place inside the ribosomes which are the cell's principal organelles for protein synthesis.

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